However, in an effort to method the crystal is incredibly State-of-the-art producing techniques are essential. Considering that the dawn of the crystal, focusing on this problem, we are actually the only business on earth which can be processed In this particular crystal.
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In accordance with the proof-of-theory experiment, the conversion performance of 23% implied the potential for acquiring higher-ability at the 2nd Stokes wavelength in the Raman laser. In the event the pump laser of 1078 nm can be acquired at the average electric power of fifty W, the output ability of its 2nd Stokes wavelength at 1512 nm can be much more than 10 W. The design of your Raman laser cavity should be optimized in order to avoid the harm from the M1 and diamond floor.
The important thing challenge of ultraviolet coherent light resource mainly focuses on the event of nonlinear optical frequency conversion crystal in ultraviolet band. The nonlinear optical crystal is without doubt one of the circumstances for frequency transformation, so The expansion, dimensions, harm resistance, conversion efficiency and allowable parameter variety of nonlinear optical crystal are demanded Progressively more.
On the other hand, the beam excellent of the higher electrical power DUV laser would become worse due to more severe thermal and nonlinear results. Consequently, the frequency conversion procedures must be carefully made to mitigate the aforementioned effects. Therefore, a superior-electricity DUV laser on the FHG of one μm with a great beam high quality might be acquired and can be advantageous for getting the shorter wavelength DUV lasers like 193 nm by SFG.
LBO is usually a superb nonlinear crystal which is often applied to the SHG from the NIR on the eco-friendly. The DUV laser is frequently understood by two stages of SFG inside the LBO crystals due to the fact there's no stage-matching angle for LBO to transform the green laser at 515 nm or 532 nm for the DUV specifically by SHG [sixteen]. Lately, the NSBBF crystal has also proven its probable to acquire a higher conversion efficiency from 532 nm to 266 nm. The stroll-off angle and deff on the NSBBF are Pretty much similar to These of CLBO [17].
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The beam profile revealed in Figure 7b shown a superb beam high quality as one of several merits of Raman laser, which might be advantageous to produce a 193-nm DUV laser with a top quality beam.
The conversion performance from essential NIR to DUV is from 5% to 36% according to the documented ends in Desk one. Growing the conversion efficiency will decrease the load on the look and set up of the elemental laser amplifier as well as the electric powered power consumption. A superb beam excellent of the elemental laser will likely add into the increasing of the conversion efficiency in addition to the appropriate energy intensity of the NIR and green laser in the SHG and FHG process, respectively. The best conversion efficiencies from NIR to environmentally friendly and environmentally friendly to DUV laser by usage of CLBO crystal are 70% and all around 50%, respectively [12], which corresponds for the conversion efficiency of 35% from fundamental to DUV.
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